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When Bolts Start to Speak: The Role of Smart Fasteners in Infrastructure Health Monitoring

The intelligent bolt is equipped with built-in sensors that can monitor the stress, temperature and even cracks of the steel structure in real time. For instance, the intelligent fasteners adopted by a certain high-speed railway bridge wirelessly transmit data to the cloud platform to achieve structural health early warning. This article will introduce the principle, application scenarios and future development trends of this technology.

The core of the intelligent bolt is the micro strain sensor, with an accuracy of up to 0.1με (micro-strain). In a certain high-speed railway bridge project, each smart bolt uploads data once per minute, and the stress distribution of the steel structure is analyzed through AI algorithms. When abnormal fluctuations are detected, the system will automatically generate maintenance suggestions, increasing the efficiency of traditional manual inspection by 80%. In the future, with the development of 5G and edge computing, intelligent fasteners are expected to become the "neurons" of smart infrastructure.