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In the construction machinery industry, what are the differences between clear varnish and anti-rust paint?

In the construction machinery industry, varnish and anti-rust paint are two types of coatings with completely different functions. The main differences are as follows:

1. Function and Application ‌

Varnish (clear varnish) ‌

Decorative protection ‌ : Its main function is to form a transparent protective layer, enhancing the gloss and aesthetic appeal of the substrate (such as metal, wood), while providing certain UV resistance, weather resistance and wear resistance.

No anti-rust ability ‌ : The varnish itself does not contain anti-rust components and cannot prevent metal oxidation or corrosion. It is usually used in combination with a primer (such as anti-rust primer).

Application scenarios ‌ : It is often used as the topcoat for the appearance of construction machinery (such as cabs, decorative parts), or as a cover on existing anti-rust layers to enhance the visual effect.

Anti-rust paint ‌

The core anti-corrosion function ‌ : it contains anti-rust pigments (such as red lead, zinc powder, phosphate, etc.), which isolate moisture and oxygen through chemical or physical actions to prevent the metal substrate from rusting.

Sacrificial protection ‌ : Some anti-rust paints (such as epoxy zinc-rich primers) delay corrosion through the sacrificial anode effect of zinc powder.

Application scenario ‌ : mainly used for the base or middle coating of easily corroded parts such as metal structural components, chassis, and welding seams.

2. Component differences ‌

Clear varnish ‌ : mainly composed of resins (such as acrylic, polyurethane, epoxy resins) and solvents, without anti-rust pigments, and with high transparency.

Anti-rust paint ‌ : contains anti-rust pigments (such as iron oxide red, zinc powder), resins (such as epoxy, alkyd) and solvents, and is usually opaque (with a variety of colors).

3. Construction level ‌

Clear coat ‌ : usually used as the outermost layer of topcoat, it needs to be applied on top of anti-rust primer or intermediate coat.

Anti-rust paint ‌ : as a primer or intermediate coat, it is directly applied to the metal surface to provide basic protection for the topcoat.

4. Performance characteristics ‌

Characteristics: ‌ ‌ varnish ‌ ‌ anti-rust paint ‌

Transparency: Transparent or opaque (mostly in colors such as red and gray)

The anti-rust ability is not strong

High weather resistance (UV resistance, yellowing resistance), medium (topcoat protection required)

Adhesion depends on the direct adhesion of the primer to the metal substrate

5. Typical applications in construction machinery ‌

Clear coat ‌ : applied over colored topcoat to enhance gloss and durability (such as excavator exterior parts).

Anti-rust paint ‌ : It is used on concealed or easily corroded parts such as vehicle frames, hydraulic rods, and bolts, and is often used in combination with epoxy primers and polyurethane topcoats.

Summary ‌

Clear coat ‌ = decoration + surface protection, and it needs to be combined with anti-rust primer.

Anti-rust paint ‌ = base anti-corrosion, needs to be used in combination with topcoat.

The combined use of ‌ : In construction machinery, a multi-layer system of "anti-rust primer + intermediate coat + clear coat/topcoat" is usually adopted, which takes into account both protection and aesthetics.